Aquaculture is one of the fastest‑growing segments in the India seafood market, helping meet rising protein demand. But with scale comes risk—disease outbreaks, water quality issues, and environmental stress pose serious threats. Shrimp farming, for instance, is particularly vulnerable to viral infections, bacterial pathogens, and feed‑borne contaminants.

Environmental risks like changing salinity, temperature fluctuations, and pollution from agricultural runoff or industrial sources degrade aquatic ecosystems. This not only affects growth rates but also increases mortality, pushing up costs. The use of unchecked antibiotics or chemicals to manage disease can result in residue issues for exporters.

An important related factor is aquaculture in India, which must evolve with improved disease surveillance, better feed formulations, and adoption of biosecure systems. Hatchery improvements, genetic selection, and prophylactic treatments are gaining traction among progressive farms.

Regulatory bodies and research institutions play a role by disseminating best practices. Government schemes and extension services must help small fish farmers adopt sustainable management. These steps are critical for maintaining trust with consumers and export partners. When disease risk is mitigated, the India seafood market can maintain growth trajectories without repeated disruptions.